What is Dietary Fat?

The clinical evidence

The evidence supporting the importance of fat as part of a healthy, balanced diet is undisputed. All the major health organisations around the world agree that some dietary fat is vital to health. It is also generally agreed now that the type of fat we eat can play a major part in health maintenance. Although it is important to make sure that we do not eat huge amounts of fat, especially for those who are overweight, watching the type of fat we eat is equally or perhaps more important.

Coronorary Heart Disease
There is convincing evidence that swapping saturated fats for monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats will reduce bad cholesterol. Coronary Heart Disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and lowering blood cholesterol levels significantly reduces its risk.

Diabetes
People with diabetes should consume a diet, which is low in saturated fat because of their increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Diets, which are high in monounsaturates have been shown to offer improved glycaemic control. It is important that diabetics maintain a healthy weight.

Cancer
Approximately, 30% of all human cancers may be influenced by diet, lifestyle and physical activity. Unsaturated fats (omega-3 and monounsaturates) may be associated with a reduced risk of developing certain cancers, including cancer of the colon, breast and prostate. However, more evidence is needed.

Inflammatory conditions
Inflammatory conditions, such as asthma, Crohn's disease and arthritis may be improved by the anti-inflammatory actions of dietary omega-3.

Brain function and behaviour
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are types of omega-3 and both are important for the brain development of a baby in the womb. Brain cells are especially rich in DHA. The presence of DHA in the diet might influence how well the mind works and behaviour (such as depression), however, more evidence is needed.